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Catalog Description Advisory: Completion of HSCI 3, HSCI 7, and BIOL 55 or HSCI 30 with grade of "C" or better Hours: 235 (131 lecture, 80 laboratory, 24 activity) Description: Provides knowledge and critical thinking skills necessary to deliver emergency medical care in a prehospital environment. Covers legal and moral aspects, scene safety, primary and secondary patient assessments, intervention and stabilization skills, proper use of emergency medical equipment, awareness of bloodborne pathogens and communicable diseases, recognition of signs and symptoms, and pathophysiology of medical emergencies and traumatic injuries. Includes practical hands-on skills training and interactive simulations. Includes certification for American Heart Association (AHA) CPR professional and bloodborne pathogen and infection control. Tactical EMS training and state certification in "TEMS First Responder Operations". Clinical experience is an assigned field and/or clinical observation. Attendance and participation are mandatory; a cumulative score of 80% on all written quizzes and exams, and a passing score on all practical skills testing are required for qualification for national and state EMT certification. Meets updated National Education Standards for EMT curriculum, and all requirements of the California Code of Regulations Title 22, the California EMS Authority, and the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians (NREMT). Upon successful completion, the student is eligible to take the NREMT EMT examination and qualify for a California State EMT certification. Students must be 18 years of age at the start of the course; provide a Tuberculosis (TB) Blood Test (QuantiFERON) or a negative chest x-ray; provide proof of immunizations for Mumps, Measles, Rubella (MMR); Varicella zoster-vaccination or positive titer; Hepatitis B series completion and titer, or Hepatitis B series in progress and a signed declination; Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (Tdap); current influenza vaccine; Student is required to take a drug screen test demonstrating the absence of evidence of controlled substance use and provide criminal background screening satisfying the requirements of the State EMS Authority and EMT program clinical providers. (CSU) Course Student Learning Outcomes CSLO #1: Demonstrate the ability to perform a primary and secondary assessment on an adult, child and infant in acute respiratory, cardiovascular, and trauma related emergencies and perform the appropriate interventions and assistive treatment. CSLO #2: Describe the management and intervention skills required during emergency childbirth and explain the indications and pathophysiology of childbirth complications. CSLO #3: Describe the role and responsibility of the EMT during scene size-up, basic scene management, hazardous material and tactical EMS roles during multi-casualty incidents. CSLO #4: Demonstrate competency in all EMT practical skills testing required for certification with the National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians and qualify for certification with the State of California. CSLO #5: Demonstrate Rapid Patient Extrication and Disentanglement Techniques while performing medical care interventions. Effective Term Fall 2025 Course Type Credit - Degree-applicable Contact Hours 235 Outside of Class Hours 274 Total Student Learning Hours 509 Course Objectives Lecture Objectives: 1. Describe the legal considerations, roles, and responsibilities of the EMT; 2. Identify the different human systems and the basic anatomy and physiology of each; 3. Describe the role and responsibility of the EMT during scene size-up and scene safety; 4. Name the steps required to complete a primary and secondary patient assessment; 5. Explain the purpose of obtaining vital signs and how the information is used for patient assessment; 6. Identify basic components of anatomy and physiology for the respiratory system; 7. Describe the signs and symptoms of respiratory emergencies and the pathophysiology of related causes; 8. Explain the intervention and management skills for respiratory emergencies required of the EMT; 9. Identify the basic components of anatomy and physiology for the cardiovascular system; 10. Describe the signs and symptoms of cardiac emergencies and the pathophysiology of related causes; 11. Describe the signs and symptoms associated with an acute cardiac event, identify the cardiac pathology, and implement the appropriate treatment protocol as an EMT. 12. Describe the basic components of the circulatory system and the physiology of perfusion; 13. Describe the signs and symptoms of hypoperfusion and pathophysiology of shock; 14. Explain the EMT intervention and management skills for shock-related emergencies; 15. Describe the mechanism of injury and the physiology of critical trauma emergencies; 16. Explain the EMT intervention and stabilization skills required for critical trauma patients; 17. Identify basic components of anatomy and physiology for the musculoskeletal system; 18. Describe the signs and symptoms and pathophysiology of musculoskeletal injuries; 19. Explain the assessment and management skills for stabilizing musculoskeletal injuries; 20. Identify basic components of anatomy and physiology for the nervous system; 21. Describe the signs and symptoms and pathophysiology of neurological emergencies; 22. Explain the assessment and intervention skills for stabilizing neurological injuries; 23. Describe the signs and symptoms and pathophysiology of various medical emergencies; 24. Explain the assessment and intervention skills for various medical injuries; 25. Identify the primary environmental factors and their effect on the different human systems; 26. Describe the signs and symptoms of heat and cold-related illnesses; 27. Describe the signs and symptoms of different environmental injuries and illnesses; 28. Explain the assessment and intervention skills for stabilizing environmental emergencies; 29. Identify the basic components of anatomy and physiology of emergency childbirth; 30. Describe the stages of labor and normal delivery during childbirth; 31. Identify the indications and pathophysiology of childbirth complications; 32. Explain the management and intervention skills for emergency childbirth; 33. Identify the basic anatomical and physiological differences for pediatric patients; 34. Explain the assessment and intervention skills for different pediatric emergencies; 35. Describe the assessment and management skills for behavioral emergencies; 36. Explain the basic rescue skills and extrication techniques used in patient removal; 37. Describe the basic scene management skills for a hazardous materials incident; 38. Explain the EMT roles and responsibilities during disasters and multi-casualty incidents; 39. Describe the BLS/CPR basic steps for adults; 40. Describe the steps for AED operation; 41. Describe the basic steps of CPR for children; 42. Describe the basic steps of CPR for infants; 43. Describe the use of AED on an infant or child under 8 years of age; 44. Describe requirements of OSHA standard 29 CFR 1910.1030; 45. Describe universal precautions used in healthcare professions; 46. Describe bloodborne pathogens; 47. Describe how bloodborne pathogens are spread; 48. Describe the different types of bloodborne pathogens; 49. Describe occupational practices and engineering controls; 50. Describe regulated waste and body fluid clean-up; 51. Describe field-associated exposures and infections; 52. Describe clinically associated exposures and infections; 53. Describe the Exposure Incident and reporting requirements. 54. Describe the treatment protocol for anaphylaxis or severe asthma. 55. Describe indications for the use of auto-injector epinephrine. 56. Describe actions, indications, and contraindications of Naloxone 57. Explain the signs and symptoms of an opioid overdose 58. Explain the finger stick blood glucose testing with a Glucometer. 59. Describe the diabetic emergency and treatment protocol for the symptomatic diabetic patient. 60. Discuss the EMT's role of operating effectively within the rescue task force. 61. Discuss the (3) levels of Tactical EMS Casualty Care in California. 62. Explain the indications and contraindications of the optional i-Gel Airway and Supraglottic King Airway devices. Laboratory Objectives: 1. In a simulated training scenario, perform primary and secondary assessments on an ill patient and recognize the signs and symptoms associated with medical emergencies; 2. In a simulated training scenario, perform primary and secondary assessments on an injured patient and recognize the signs and symptoms associated with traumatic injuries; 3. In a simulated training scenario, demonstrate the ability to perform a full set of vital signs, recognize any abnormal discrepancies, and properly record and communicate the findings; 4. In a simulated scenario properly assess and recognize the need to administer the OTC medication aspirin; 5. In a simulated training scenario, demonstrate the ability to perform initial spinal stabilization and to securely immobilize a patient to a backboard; 6. In a simulated scenario, demonstrate the proper use of tourniquets and hemostatic dressings; 7. In a simulated scenario, demonstrate the proper use and interpretation of Pulse Oximetry; 8. On a simulated training manikin, correctly demonstrate the use of humidifiers, partial non-rebreather, and venturi masks for oxygen administration; 9. On a simulated training manikin, correctly assess the patient presenting with a compromised airway and properly insert the oropharyngeal airway adjunct; 10. On a simulated training manikin, correctly assess the patient presenting with a compromised airway and properly insert the nasopharyngeal airway adjunct; 11. On a simulated airway manikin, correctly demonstrate a primary patient assessment and the intervention skills for initiating proper airway management with manual positive pressure ventilation and correctly utilizing the appropriate airway adjunct. 12. On a simulated training manikin, demonstrate the application of the non-rebreather oxygen mask and proper delivery of high-flow supplemental oxygen; 13. On a simulated training manikin, demonstrate the application of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) delivery of high-flow supplemental oxygen; 14. On a simulated training manikin, demonstrate the application of the automatic external defibrillator and proper delivery of electrical cardioversion on the unconscious and pulseless patient; 15. On a simulated training manikin, demonstrate the proper application of the traction splint apparatus and stabilization of an orthopedic injury; 16. On a simulated training manikin, demonstrate the proper application of the air splinting device and stabilization of an orthopedic injury; 17. On a simulated training manikin, demonstrate the proper assessment of an obstetrical patient and the medical assistance required during emergency childbirth; 18. On a simulated training manikin, demonstrate the recognition of an obstetrical emergency and the required interventions for childbirth complications; 19. During a simulated vehicle extrication demonstrate the ability to perform a scene size up and incident safety protocols; 20. During a simulated vehicle extrication, demonstrate the ability to gain access to victims to perform disentanglement and rapid patient extrication techniques; 21. Demonstrate the BLS/CPR basic steps for adults; 22. Demonstrate 2-Rescuer team CPR for adults; 23. Demonstrate proper application of AED on a patient; 24. Demonstrate proper AED operation and shock delivery; 25. Demonstrate the basic steps for performing CPR on a child; 26. Choose the correct AED pads for an infant or child under 8 years; 27. Demonstrate the basic steps for performing CPR on an infant; 28. Demonstrate how to administer mouth-to-mouth breaths to a victim; 29. Demonstrate choking relief of responsive child older than 1 year; 30. Demonstrate choking relief of unresponsive child older than 1 year; 31. Demonstrate how to relieve choking in a responsive/unresponsive infant; 32. Demonstrate proper lifting/moving techniques of an unresponsive patient; 33. Demonstrate the lifting safety techniques used in patient gurney operations; 34. Demonstrate proper hand washing techniques; 35. Demonstrate the use of personal protective equipment; 36. Demonstrate airway management and injection practices. 37. Demonstrate prep, inspection, and administration of epinephrine 38. Demonstrate IM injection of epinephrine auto-injector device 39. Demonstrate IN and IM delivery of Narcan for the suspected opioid overdose 40. Demonstrate finger stick blood glucose testing procedure 41. Demonstrate the proper disposal of blood glucose sharps/contaminates 42. Demonstrate proper Tourniquet use, Wound packing, and pressure dressings for tactical EMS purposes 43. Demonstrate the use of basic and optional airway adjuncts during tactical EMS setting. 44. Demonstrate the proper size-up and insertion techniques for the optional i-Gel airway device. 45. Demonstrate the proper size-up and insertion technique for the supraglottic optional airway. Activity (Clinical Experience) Objectives: 1. Under the supervision of the EMT program Clinical Coordinator, participate in a mandated hospital orientation and required post-examinations; participate in the multi-step clinical application and personal registration process and participate in completing the mandated clinical immunization and vaccination process. 2. Under the supervision of an assigned clinical or field preceptor, complete 24 hours of experience in a hospital emergency room environment and/or a field ride-along with a pre-hospital care provider; 3. Under the supervision of an assigned clinical or field preceptor, participate as directed in all patient care management and interventions, performing skills and assessments within the EMT scope of practice; 4. Under the supervision of an assigned clinical or field preceptor, participate in ten (10) patient contacts performing skills and assessments within the EMT scope of practice. General Education Information Approved College Associate Degree GE Applicability AA/AS - Health Ed/Physical Ed CSU GE Applicability (Recommended-requires CSU approval) Cal-GETC Applicability (Recommended - Requires External Approval) IGETC Applicability (Recommended-requires CSU/UC approval) Articulation Information CSU Transferable Methods of Evaluation Objective Examinations Example: Students will take a multiple-choice examination on shock. Standard grading. Example question: Which of the following types of shock deal with blood loss? A. Anaphylactic, B. Septic, C. Neurotic, D. Hypovolemic. Skill Demonstrations Example: Students will demonstrate the ability to splint a broken leg. Repeatable No Methods of Instruction Laboratory Lecture/Discussion Distance Learning Lab: During a practical skills lab, the EMT Instructor will demonstrate the essential components of a primary patient assessment and the critical intervention skills necessary for initiating proper airway management and utilization of positive pressure ventilation. Students will identify the appropriate adjunct airway and manually initiate positive pressure ventilation. Lecture: During a lecture presentation, the instructor will lead a discussion on the pathophysiology of cardiovascular emergencies and discuss the ability of an EMT to recognize the various signs and symptoms associated with a cardiac event. Students will correctly interpret the EKG rhythm, identify the pathology and treatment protocol. Distance Learning Online lecture on legal considerations. Students use of the discussion board will facilitate critical thinking and group discussion on legal considerations. . Students will be required to respond to a minimum of 2 others students initial responses which will allow for interaction between students and the instructor. Typical Out of Class Assignments Reading Assignments 1. Read the lesson plans on Respiratory Emergencies and explain the physiological differences of internal and external respiration. Identify the different types of respiratory compromise and explain the pathological differences of each condition. Describe the treatment interventions available within the EMT scope of practice. 2. Read the lesson plans on shock and explain the pathology of inadequate tissue perfusion, identify the different types of shock and the pathological differences, and describe the treatment interventions available within the EMT scope of practice. Writing, Problem Solving or Performance 1. Given a detailed emergency medical scenario, student will utilize standard medical terms to develop an organized medical report for the transfer of patient care. Student will then compose a written report to outline the emergency medical interventions performed, and to summarize the scene management of the incident. 2. Given detailed information of a traumatic injury scenario, student will respond to a series of questions to identify critical steps performed in the primary assessment; describe what signs and symptoms would present with any given injury; and identify the correct interventions required for proper patient stabilization. 3. Given a realistic emergency medical scenario, the student will physically demonstrate the appropriate EMT skills and interventions to properly stabilize, manage and immobilize a spinal cord injury. Other (Term projects, research papers, portfolios, etc.) Required Materials Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured Author: American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Publishers Publication Date: 2021 Text Edition: 12th Classic Textbook?: OER Link: OER: Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured - Student Workbook Author: American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Publishers Publication Date: 2021 Text Edition: 12th Classic Textbook?: OER Link: OER: Other materials and-or supplies required of students that contribute to the cost of the course. Materials Fee for AHA CPR Card costs. Equipment: Stethoscope, Blood Pressure Cuff, Penlight, Watch with second hand or digital seconds. Sierra College EMT Uniform with required Sierra College EMT polo, EMS pants, Belt, and Safety Toe boots. Background Check and Drug Screen requirements. JBL Test Prep software.

Catalog Description Prerequisite: Completion of HSCI 0002 with grade of "C" or better, or current state certification as an Emergency Medical Technician Hours: 108 (54 lecture, 54 laboratory) Description: Designed for students pursuing careers in Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and advanced levels of prehospital care. Provides overview of functional anatomy, symptomology and pathophysiology of disease, medical emergencies, and effects of traumatic injuries. EMS management and review of field treatment protocols enhance ability to treat and stabilize emergency medical situations in the field. (CSU) Course Student Learning Outcomes CSLO #1: Compare and contrast pathophysiology and etiology of diseases with related symptomology. CSLO #2: Analyze the effects of diseases and injuries on human body systems and explain the associated symptomology to assess patient conditions. CSLO #3: Identify the different field treatment protocols for associated diseases and injury of human systems. CSLO #4: Demonstrate comprehensive patient assessment techniques, including obtaining and interpreting vital signs, to effectively evaluate a patient's condition and inform appropriate care decisions. Effective Term Fall 2026 Course Type Credit - Degree-applicable Contact Hours 108 Outside of Class Hours 108 Total Student Learning Hours 216 Course Objectives Lecture Objectives: Define the basic terminology used in the study of human diseases. Define the pathophysiology and etiology of diseases. Name the organelle contained within the typical animal cell. Describe the basic structure, components and function of an organelle. Identify terminology related to the mechanisms of human disease. Describe the process of cell/tissue injury, adaptation, and death. Identify the progression of cancer development. Describe the symptomology of different cancers. Describe the basic defense mechanisms in the body. Identify the process of tissue repair and healing. Identify complications of wound healing. Describe the physiological maintenance of body fluid and acid base balance. Describe the symptomology of altered body fluid and acid base balance. Identify common interventions for fluid and acid base imbalances. Define the term shock. Identify four classifications of shock and how the cardiovascular system is affected. Describe the symptomology of shock and important assessment findings. Discuss the basic anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system. Define the terms common to respiratory system disorders. Identify the common disorders of the respiratory system. Identify the symptomology associated with respiratory disorders. Describe the common diagnostics test used to determine respiratory disorders. Describe the typical treatment protocols for common respiratory disorders. Discuss the basic anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular system. Identify common disorders of the cardiovascular system. Identify the symptomology common to cardiovascular system disorders. Describe typical treatment protocols for common cardiovascular disorders. Discuss basic anatomy and physiology of the nervous system. Identify the symptomology of common nervous system disorders. Describe typical treatment protocols for common nervous system disorders. Discuss the anatomy and physiology of the musculoskeletal system. Define common terminology of the musculoskeletal system and disorders. Identify common disorders and trauma of the musculoskeletal system. Identify the symptomology of the musculoskeletal disorders and trauma. Discuss the basic anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system. Discuss the symptomology of endocrine system disorders. Describe the typical treatment protocols for common endocrine disorders. Discuss the anatomy and physiology of the immune and lymphatic system. Identify sign and symptoms of immune and lymphatic system disorders. Describe typical treatment protocols for immune system lymphatic disorders. Discuss the basic anatomy and physiology of the digestive system. Identify the signs and symptoms common to digestive system disorders. Discuss the treatment protocols for common digestive system disorders. Describe the effects of aging upon the digestive system and related disorders. Describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the renal and urologic system. Identify the symptomology associated with renal and urologic disorders. Discuss management and treatment protocols of renal and urologic disorders. Describe effects of aging and disorders of the renal and urologic system. Describe four routes of entry for toxins into the system. Describe the four steps in the management of toxicological emergencies. Describe the pathology, signs, and management of five different toxidromes. Describe pathology, signs and treatment protocols of substance abuse. Describe pathology, signs and treatment protocols of chemical poisoning. Describe pathology, signs and management of stings, bites, and injections. Describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the hematologic system. Describe the common signs and symptoms of hematologic disorders. Discuss the basic anatomy and physiology of the integumentary system. Discuss common disorders of the integumentary system. Identify the symptomology associated with integumentary system disorders. Discuss basic anatomy and physiology of the eyes and ears. Describe the typical trauma injuries to the eye and the injury pathologies. Describe the physiology of the thermoregulatory mechanism. Define the signs, symptoms, and pathophysiology of heat related conditions. Define the signs, symptoms, and pathophysiology of cold related conditions. Define the signs and pathophysiology for drowning and diving accidents. Describe the normal physiological changes that occur at high altitudes. Define signs, symptoms, and pathophysiology of high altitude conditions. Describe the signs and symptoms associated with mental health disorders. Describe the management and treatment protocols for mental health disorders. Discuss the basic anatomy and physiology of the reproductive systems. Identify the signs and symptoms of reproductive system disorders. Identify treatment protocols and management of reproductive system disorders. Describe the physiological changes that occur throughout the pregnancy. Describe the pathophysiology of complications and disorders during pregnancy. Describe the common complications and treatment protocols during delivery. Describe the pathology and management of postpartum complications. Describe the complications and symptomology of trauma during pregnancy. Identify common signs and symptoms associated with pediatric diseases. Discuss the pathology of pediatric diseases and disorders common to children. Discuss the management and treatment protocols of pediatric emergencies.  Laboratory Objectives: Demonstrate comprehensive patient assessment techniques for adults. Demonstrate comprehensive patient assessment techniques for pediatrics.  Obtain vital signs of a patient including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and capillary refill.                                                                    Perform simulated medication routes per treatment guidelines.                      Identify lung sounds through auscultation.    General Education Information Approved College Associate Degree GE Applicability AA/AS - Natural Sciences AA/AS - Natural Sciences Laboratory CSU GE Applicability (Recommended-requires CSU approval) Cal-GETC Applicability (Recommended - Requires External Approval) IGETC Applicability (Recommended-requires CSU/UC approval) Articulation Information CSU Transferable UC Transferable Methods of Evaluation Essay Examinations Example: In an essay, students will describe primary signs and symptoms of hemodynamic instability associated with an intertrochanteric fracture of the proximal femur. Objective Examinations Example: Students will take a multiple-choice examination on EKG rhythms. Standard Grading. Example Question: Which of the following rhythms would be corrected with 6-12mg of adenosine? A. Complete 3rd degree heart block, B. Supra-ventricular Tachycardia, C. Sinus Bradycardia with junctional escape beats, D. Sinus rhythm with premature ventricular contractions. Skill Demonstrations Example: Students will demonstrate their ability to identify lung sounds through auscultation by performing a hands-on assessment using a stethoscope on simulated or standardized patients. They will be evaluated based on their ability to: Proper Technique: Position the stethoscope correctly at designated auscultation sites. Identification Accuracy: Recognize and differentiate normal and abnormal lung sounds (e.g., wheezes, crackles, rhonchi, stridor). Clinical Interpretation: Correlate findings with potential respiratory conditions and explain their significance. Repeatable No Methods of Instruction Laboratory Lecture/Discussion Distance Learning Lab: The instructor will facilitate a hands-on skills lab where students practice obtaining vital signs on standardized patients, classmates, or simulation manikins. The instructor will: Demonstrate Proper Technique: Begin with a step-by-step demonstration of how to obtain blood pressure (manual and automatic), heart rate, respiratory rate, and capillary refill time. Explain Clinical Relevance: Discuss the importance of each vital sign, normal ranges, and what abnormal findings might indicate. Guide Students Through Practice: Observe and provide real-time feedback as students practice on each other or simulation models. Introduce Realistic Patient Scenarios: Provide case studies requiring students to assess and interpret vital signs in different medical conditions (e.g., shock, dehydration, hypoxia). Assess Student Performance: Use a skills check-off sheet or competency rubric to evaluate students’ accuracy and technique. Student’s Role: Students will actively participate in learning by practicing vital sign assessment techniques and interpreting their findings. They will: Practice on Peers or Manikins: Use proper technique to measure blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and capillary refill under instructor supervision. Record and Analyze Data: Accurately document their findings and compare them with normal reference ranges. Recognize Abnormal Readings: Discuss what abnormal readings might indicate and how they would respond in a clinical setting. Communicate Findings: Verbally report their results using proper medical terminology, simulating real-world patient handoffs. Lecture: The instructor will explain the pathophysiology of shock and demonstrate the concept mapping and symptomology of altered body fluids and acid base balance. Student will explain the symptomology and assessment findings of inadequate perfusion, and identify the different classifications of distributed and obstructive shock. The instructor will divide students into groups to utilize a cardiac monitor with lead II and twelve lead capabilities, and equipped with cardiac rhythm simulator. Students will be asked to identify and differentiate the different rhythms, and identify the electrophysiology of each rhythm and the associated cardiac pathology. Distance Learning Online lecture on the progression of cancer development, followed by students writing a report on the progression of cancer and posting for comments. Use of the discussion board tp facilitate critical thinking and group discussion. Students will be required to respond to a minimum of 2 others students initial responses which will allow for interaction between students and the instructor. Typical Out of Class Assignments Reading Assignments 1. Read the chapter on cellular and tissue injury and review the case study with extremity entrapment. Answer the questions from the case study exercise and provide a summary of the expected signs and symptoms based on the patients injury pathology. 2. Read the assigned chapter on the circulatory system and cardiac physiology to prepare for class discussion on EKG interpretation and arrhythmia recognition. Writing, Problem Solving or Performance 1. Working in assigned groups, identify the patient symptomology and provide the concept mapping associated with acute respiratory distress disorders. 2. Working with an assigned partner, students will identify the symptomology of musculoskeletal disorders, and demonstrate a common diagnostic test for field assessment of traumatic musculoskeletal injuries. Other (Term projects, research papers, portfolios, etc.) Required Materials Anatomy and Physiology for the Prehospital Care Provider Author: Kirsten M. Elling, Bob Elling Publisher: Jones and Bartlett Publication Date: 2015 Text Edition: 2nd Classic Textbook?: OER Link: OER: Emergency Care and Transportation of the Sick and Injured Author: American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons Publisher: Jones and Bartlett Publication Date: 2021 Text Edition: 12th Classic Textbook?: OER Link: OER: HSCI 30 Laboratory Manual Author: Instructor Developed Publisher: Publication Date: 2026 Text Edition: Classic Textbook?: OER Link: OER: Other materials and-or supplies required of students that contribute to the cost of the course.